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Contents Volume III Issue I (Spring - 2018)

Deconstructing the Myth: Nature of Terrorism in the Pakhtun Region (2001-2013)
Abstract:	The current study is an attempt to identify the true nature of terrorism in the Pakhtun region that mainly took place during 2001-2013. Although the study heavily relies on secondary data analysis, however numerous unstructured interviews and group discussions with experts has also been carried out to thoroughly understand the issue at hand. The study finds that terrorism in the Pakhtun region has neither been a struggle for the imposition of Sharia nor a Pakhtun nationalist movement. Based on the investigation of the available literature, the study concludes that it has been a politically motivated struggle for the acquisition of power. The study suggests that the writ of the state should be implemented in letter and spirit in the erstwhile FATA region. ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Abdul Shakoor : Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Terrorism, Insurgency, Taliban, Nature, Pakhtun Region, Pakistan
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).01	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).01
Page Nos:	1-11
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): Regional Development, Employment Opportunities and Policy Challenges
Abstract:	A lot of people believe “China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)” to be a doorway to regional prosperity and regional cohesion. It carries an abundant perspective in relation to regional connectivity, regional development, and employment creation. Although a topic of increasing interest, CPEC has been relatively under-researched and under-conceptualized to date. In this article, we attempt to inspect CPEC in relation to its prospects for infrastructure development, regional development, and employment creation through a methodical databank check and cross-reference snowballing. Significantly contributing: (1) reviewing of recent literature focusing on the concepts of economic corridors in different regions and (2) underlying challenges addressing the political, economic and ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Navid Khan: Ph.D. Scholar,School of Economics & Management,Kunming University of Science & Technology, China. 2-Riaz Ahmad: Postdoc Fellow, School of Public Policy and Administration,Xiian Jiaotong University, China. 3-Ke Xing: School of Economics & Management,Kunming University of Science & Technology, China.
Keywords:	CPEC, Regional development, infrastructure development, employment creation, policy challenges
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).02	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).02
Page Nos:	12-23
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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An Analysis of Sino-Indian Relations: Modus Operandi or Modus Vivendi
Abstract:	China and India celebrated their embryonic relations with a documented modus vivendi i.e. “The Panchsheel Agreement”. This concord highlighted five principles of peaceful coexistence between India and China. The Tibet region was the nucleus of this agreement. Nevertheless, after four years of its celebration, eyebrows raised from both sides in 1959 when China started its unification process and India welcomed the Dalai Lama, a separatist leader of the Tibetan region. This caused bitterness between India and China and both the states reversed to their retrospective modus operandi, which later on graduated into a full-fledged war between the two countries in 1962. Despite their limited modus vivendi in the 21st century, both the states tend more towards their intrinsic modus o ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Asghar Ali: PhD Scholar,Department of Political Science & International Relations, Qurtaba University of Science & IT, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2-Nazim Rahim: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science & International Relations,Qurtaba University of Science & IT, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 3-Ghulam Hussain Abid Sipra: PhD Scholar,Department of Political Science,Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Sino-Indian Geo-strategic competition, Modus Vivendi, Modus Operandi, Synergy
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).03	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).03
Page Nos:	24-32
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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The Growing Strategic Imbalance between China and Russia in Central Asia: Challenges and Opportunities
Abstract:	Central Asias China growing interdependence and fading role of Russia has provoked contentious debates about the growing strategic imbalance in the region. The empirical data in this research paper demonstrates that the domestic, geostrategic and economic interests motivate the nature of China Central Asia and Russia Central Asia relationship. Chinas pragmatic approach for establishing a comprehensive regional policy based on multilateral as well as bilateral relationships in all spheres has given considerable leverage to China and an alternative to Russia which has not been able to evolve a comprehensive policy for the region despite its longstanding political, ethnic, cultural, economic and security relationship with Central Asia. Both powers have similar objectives but differ ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Sartaj : PhD Scholar,Department of Political Science, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Uzma Siraj: PhD Scholar,Department International Relations,International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Uroosa Ishfaq: MPhil Scholar, Department of Political Science,Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	China, Central Asia, Economy, Geo-strategy, Strategic Imbalance, Cross-Border Ethnic Issues
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).04	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).04
Page Nos:	33-43
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Engineering Electoral Design in Terms of Globalization of Institutions: A Case Study of Pakistan
Abstract:	Pakistan needs reforms in electoral institutions inherited from the colonial era which have minimal roots in its diverse soil led to political wrangling in federating units for more representational space in the federal structure. Conflict management through the engineering of an inclusive electoral system in Pakistan is the aim of this paper. The challenge of changing demographics and the demand for a fair share in power can be met with the introduction of a suitable reform package as set forth by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in its verdict in June 2012. With this decision in view, this paper attempts to examine a feasible way to introduce a less perilous electoral packa ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Lubna Batool: Lecturer,Department of Political Science,University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Manzoor Ahmad: Assistant Professor,Department of Political Science, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Syed Ali Shah: Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Alternative Vote (AV), Electoral Globalization, Colonial Plantation, Regional Imitation, Preferential Vote (PV)
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).05	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).05
Page Nos:	44-55
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Can Openness Hypothesis Improve Political Economy of Pakistans Financial Market?
Abstract:	This paper is an attempt to test the openness hypothesis for the case of Pakistan. Being a developing country and having different interest groups interfering in the financial market, openness hypothesis provides a theory that provides a win-win situation for the interest groups, consequently improving financial development. We presented a political economy approach of analyzing the state of Pakistans financial market and proposed an openness hypothesis. Our result indicates that individually, trade and financial opening are beneficial for improving the financial market development however, the simultaneous opening of financial and trade hypothesis does not hold for Pakistan. In other words, the simultaneous opening of financial and trade accounts does not seem to be a necessary ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Jawad Ahmad: Research Associate, University of Kassel, Hessen, Germany. 2-Sania Zehraa: Research Scholar, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Noor Jehan: Assistant Professor,Department of Economics,Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Financial Development, Openness hypothesis, Political economy, Regression analysis, Financial Liberalization, Trade openness.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).06	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).06
Page Nos:	56-65
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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What is Democracy? Challenges for Democracy in Pakistan
Abstract:	This article aims to explore what democracy is and what are the key tools for the success of democracy. Democracy is a famous form of government in contemporary world politics. There are few key characteristics of true democracy, for instance; free and fair elections, the role of media, education, judiciary, political parties, and religious tolerance, etc. Pakistan has experienced authoritative and democratic forms of government since independence. Many democratic governments have governed the country but despite that politicians in Pakistan could not provide the basic facilities of life to the general public. Lack of timely, free and fair elections, the gap between political elite and public, martial-laws, civil-military relations, lack of education and awareness in the general ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Fozia Bibi: PhD scholar,National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Sumbal Jameel: Research Scholar, Department of Political Science,Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Syed Umair Jalal: MPhil Scholar,Department of Political Sciences,University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Democracy, Education, Media, Judiciary, Religious Freedom, Tolerance.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).07	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).07
Page Nos:	66-75
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Determinants of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy with Respect to Russia’s Past, Present and Future
Abstract:	Pakistan and Russia have a history of divergence and ambiguity in their foreign policies. Since Independence Pakistans policy towards Russia remained complex and contradictory. Historically there were highs and lows in their relationship, but uncertainty prevails in their approaches. This was due to Pakistans western inclination and Russias pro-India alliance. However, the relationship was revitalized in the last 2 decades as both states see strategic interest in improving the relationship. Russia has started to exert itself as a superpower in the current geopolitics whereas Pakistan has also managed to improve its status as a regional player with respect to geostrategic location, its proximity to hot waters and its role in Afghanistan. However, Pakistans foreign policy realignm ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Jazib Mumtaz: PhD Scholar,Department of Social Sciences, SZABIST Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Ramzan: Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, SZABIST Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 3-Saima Gul: Lecturer,Department to IR,University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Foreign Policy, Realism, Institutionalism, Liberalism, Constructivism
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).08	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).08
Page Nos:	76-84
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Transformations in the Middle East: Implications for Pakistan
Abstract:	The regional security matrix of the Middle East is facing serious challenges since the US invasion of Iraq, which has left a deep impact on the regional balance of power. A hostile nation towards Iran becomes an ally after the fall of the Saddam regime. Things are changing rapidly when several series of protests across the Arab and African region erupted since 2011 with the Tunisian revolution to be first on the list. Muslim countries across the Arab and African region faced regime changes, the rise of nonstate actors (NSA) and infighting due to breakdown state institutions. This article explores the evolving post Arab Spring situation in the region and suggests policy options for Pakistan. ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Shoaib Malik: Assistant Professor,Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Waseem Ishaque: Assistant Professor, Department of IR,National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Syed Ali Shah: Assistant Professor,Department of Pakistan Studies,Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Arab Spring, Regime Change, Balance of Power
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).09	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).09
Page Nos:	85-93
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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China's Growing Strategic Interests in Afghanistan
Abstract:	China is giving a push to the reconciliation process among the Taliban and the Afghan government. As well as working on trilateral relations of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and China. China is looking for CPEC expansion to Afghanistan through Pakistan, for which China seeks to explore the ways of reconciliation in Afghanistan among the Taliban and the Afghan government. US wants his long stay in Afghanistan to check the regional power of China and Russia, while China is taking interest in the Afghan peace process to smooth the way for US complete withdrawal. China along with other regional powers in Afghanistan supporting the Taliban demand of the US comprehensive drawdown timeline. The paper will bring into light Chinas role in Afghan peace and reconciliation, especially with the Tal ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Huma Qayum: PhD Scholar,Department of Political Science and International Relations at International Islamic University IslaPakistan. 2-Syed Umair Jalal: MPhil Scholar,Department of Political Science, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 3-Uroosa Ishfaq: MPhil Scholar,Department of Political Science,Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	China, Afghanistan, Strategic interests, reconstruction and reconciliation, Belt and Road Initiative.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).10	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).10
Page Nos:	94-100
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Pax Sinica in Asia: Chinas Emergent Geopolitics of Economic Corridors and Dream of Leadership
Abstract:	This article explores the features of Chinas hegemonic ambitions which include more economic power than its rivals and the impact of international institutions on the interstate system. As a result, China has achieved Asias first tier of a hegemon, but influence over the global institutional framework is still underway. The eradication of the Pax Americana, however, must slowly materialize in line with Beijings established practices of avoiding confrontation and including various components of the present system. If China succeeds in bringing more and more friends and allies into its clout, Pax Sinica will be successful, but within the Chinese leadership, it is still argued that alliances do not meet the terms of its foreign policy principles. ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Muzaffar: Assistant Professor,Department of Political Science,GC Women University Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Syed Tanveer Ali Shah: MPhil Scholar, International Relations, University of the Punjab Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Zahid Yaseen: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science,GC Women University Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Sino-centric, Economic Corridors, Heartland, OBOR, CPEC.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).11	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).11
Page Nos:	101-109
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Politics of Ethnicities and Federating Issues in Pakistan: Changing Geopolitical Perspective of the Region
Abstract:	Keeping in view the multi-ethnic structure of Pakistan, the federal structure is designed in the country. Circumstantial evidence suggests that smaller ethnicities are not satisfied within the structure and therefore, crises and disturbances are continuously being witnessed. The ethnic factor becomes more visible, impacting not only the internal politics of Pakistan but also its evolving regional political interaction as well. The ethnicities located in the border region of the country, have been facing the dilemma to accept the geopolitical offers given to Pakistan by the neighboring countries. The sort of relations causes ethnic resentments if it doesnt recognize the rights of the community. Pashtun and Baluch ethnicities have been more relevant for study in this regard. ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Shaista Taj: PhD Sholar, Qurtuba University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2-Zahir Shah: Assistant Professor,Department of Political Science, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Bilal: Assistant Registrar, Women University Swabi, Swabi, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Ethnicity, Federation, Region, Geopolitics, Pakistan, Pashtuns, Baluchs Nationalism
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).12	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).12
Page Nos:	110-119
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Chinas Debt Diplomacy and China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): Implications for Pakistan
Abstract:	China has been investing in several countries under the ambit of BRI and regional economic corridors. The basic spirit behind such an initiative is to benefit the world from Chinas peaceful rise. However, the potential implications of the Debt Trap have been voiced, especially when the issue of Hambantota came to the limelight. This research article discusses the "potential debt trap", widely being propagated in popular international media, particularly in the United States and India that China has other secret plans to fulfill under the cover of economic support and infrastructure development. They try hard to establish that the Gwadar port and the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) will follow suit with the Hambantota port as experienced by Sri Lanka. This article present ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Waseem Ishaque: Assistant Professor, Department of IR,National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Aman Ullah: Ministry of Interior, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Safia : Lecturer,Department of Political Science,Abdul Wali Khan University, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	CPEC, Infrastructure development, Debt Trap
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).13	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).13
Page Nos:	120-128
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Investigating Link between Modernization and the Dynamics of Political Institution: Quantitative Evidence from Pakistan
Abstract:	The notion of change in the political institution is associated with multifarious factors. In the current scenario, modernization is one of the foremost factors which transformed the diverse aspects of political institution. This paper is an attempt to shed light on the impact of modernization on the political institution. The quantitative research strategy has been adopted in this research. The data was collected (n=250) from seven tehsils of district Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The univariate analysis, descriptive statistics and agreement indices were used. Diverse aspects have been explored in this research like political participation of growing middle-class people, awareness of common masses regarding the importance of the vote and their access to the elected repre ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Imran : Lecturer (Sociology), Department of Social and Gender Studies, University of Swat, Swat, KP, Pakistan 2-Mamoon Khan Khattak: Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work and Sociology, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 3-Azad Ullah: Lecturer, Department of Social Work and Sociology, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Change, Masses, Modernization, Political, Social
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).14	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).14
Page Nos:	129-137
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Pakistan's Transition to Civilian Rule: Analysis of Zia Years
Abstract:	Existing literature on democratization suggests that societies once exposed to democratic liberties develop a deep spirit of resistance. This spirit of resistance is manifested in various movements for the restoration of democracies whenever democratic liberties are taken away by military dictatorships. This paper investigates this spirit of resistance during General Zia's era. It is argued here that eleven years of the militarys' control was challenged on different fronts by the society and finally compelling it to step back and surrender political space to the political elites. Arguments for this paper are developed by reviewing and critically analyzing the mainstream academic works produced about Zia years. ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Adil Khan : Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Imran : Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Havelian Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan. 3-Nazakat : Lecturer, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Pakistan, Democracy, Martial Law, Zia Years, Democratization, Military
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).15	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).15
Page Nos:	138-146
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Internal Displacement and Migration issues in FATA (2007-2016)
Abstract:	With the start of the War on Terror in October 2001, the tribal belt of Pakistan, known as Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), witnessed a rise in militancy. Numerous military actions have been carried out in different agencies of former FATA to eliminate militants. Millions of people have been displaced from all seven agencies and six Frontier Regions. Many people have been displaced more than once, while others have returned to their homes only to face the mammoth challenge of restoring everyday life in their villages. Additionally, significant Bajaur, South Waziristan, and North Waziristan Agencies have also migrated to Afghanistan to avoid being targeted in the conflict between the militants and the military. This paper analyzes displacement from FATA and acrossthe- ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Sohail Ahmad : Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Mubeen : Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Inayat Kalim : Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	IDPs, T.D.P.s, FATA, Displacement, Migration, Afghanistan
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).16	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).16
Page Nos:	147-155
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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Contesting the Representation of Muslim Women: A Discursive Exploration of Relig..
Abstract:	Important as religion is to behave socially, its complex nature has remained the staple concern of literary narratives. The enigma of religion is particularly evident in the life narratives of Malala Yousafzai (I Am Malala, 2013) and Ziauddin Yousafzai (Let Her Fly 2018). The selected texts have been studied using the Theory of Representation (1997) to investigate there presentation of Islam by applying the legitimation strategies proposed by Theo Van Leeuwen in his book Discourse and Practice (2008). Islam and its practices have been exploited by detailing specific practices related to Muslim women with lesser consideration of Islamic injunctions that benefits its adherents. This study concludes that in there presentation of religion, the selected authors have misrepresented the ideologie ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Aisha Jadoon: Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Oroosa Anwar: MS Scholar, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan 3-Kanwal Zahra: Assistant Professor, Centre for Languages and Translation Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
Keywords:	Postcolonial Perspective, Stereotypes, Representation, Binary Dichotomy, Science, Faith, Religion
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).17	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2018(III-I).17
Page Nos:	156-163
Volume & Issue:	III-I
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