01 Pages : 1-10
http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2026(XI-II).01 10.31703/gpr.2026(XI-II).01 Published : Jun 2026Rise of Non-State Actors: A Case of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)
The emergence of non-state actors has been one of the defining contemporary security challenge in South Asia. A significant actor is Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan \TTP\, which is the most critical insurgent group fighting against the Pakistani state. Formed in 2007, TTP has its roots in the fragmented militant groups in Pakistan's tribal zones and has developed into an organized insurgency with a focus on attacking the structures of the state. This article looks at the origins, ideological basis, operational trajectory, and the contemporary resurgence of the TTP and situates this in the context of non-state armed actors. It is posited that lack of governance, geopolitical turbulence, ideological fervor, cross-border militant safe heavens and governance vacuum in the frontier regions, are the primary factors perpetuating the existence of the TTP.
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Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Non-state Actors, Insurgency, Asymmetric Warfare, Governance Deficits
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(1) Abdul Waqar
PhD Scholar, Department of International Relations, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Ghulam Mustafa
Associate Professor, Department of International Relations Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Umer Yaqoob
Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Cite this article
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APA : Waqar, A., Mustafa, G., & Yaqoob, U. (2026). Rise of Non-State Actors: A Case of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). Global Political Review, XI(II), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2026(XI-II).01
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CHICAGO : Waqar, Abdul, Ghulam Mustafa, and Umer Yaqoob. 2026. "Rise of Non-State Actors: A Case of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)." Global Political Review, XI (II): 1-10 doi: 10.31703/gpr.2026(XI-II).01
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HARVARD : WAQAR, A., MUSTAFA, G. & YAQOOB, U. 2026. Rise of Non-State Actors: A Case of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). Global Political Review, XI, 1-10.
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MHRA : Waqar, Abdul, Ghulam Mustafa, and Umer Yaqoob. 2026. "Rise of Non-State Actors: A Case of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)." Global Political Review, XI: 1-10
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MLA : Waqar, Abdul, Ghulam Mustafa, and Umer Yaqoob. "Rise of Non-State Actors: A Case of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)." Global Political Review, XI.II (2026): 1-10 Print.
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OXFORD : Waqar, Abdul, Mustafa, Ghulam, and Yaqoob, Umer (2026), "Rise of Non-State Actors: A Case of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)", Global Political Review, XI (II), 1-10
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TURABIAN : Waqar, Abdul, Ghulam Mustafa, and Umer Yaqoob. "Rise of Non-State Actors: A Case of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)." Global Political Review XI, no. II (2026): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2026(XI-II).01